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Vande Mataram at 150 (1875–2025): The stirring anthem that forged India’s unity

On 7 November 2025, India commemorates 150 years of Vande Mataram, the National Song that inspired the Indian independence movement and affirmed a shared civilizational identity. Composed by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and later sung by Rabindranath Tagore, the hymn’s ethical vocabulary aligns with the values of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. Sri Aurobindo’s translation deepened…
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The Myth that Mohandas Gandhi Alone Delivered Freedom to India

A hundred and fifty-four years after his birth, the legacy of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi remains contested in India. Much of this uncertainty stems from extensive propaganda that has obscured vital truths about Gandhi as an activist, leader, politician, demagogue, and unlikely saint. One of the most enduring myths is encapsulated in the single word: Mahatma.…
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How Gandhi became a Congress Leader in Four Years

In January 1915, a 46-year-old Mohandas Gandhi returned to India after two decades in South Africa. Despite his unconventional social activism there, he faced skepticism from Indians who saw him as a foreigner. This blog explores how Gandhi, within four years, transformed from an outsider into a national leader of the Congress. It delves into…

