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Qazi Nur Muhammad’s Jangnama: Powerful Lessons for Sikh and Indian Historiography
Qazi Nur Muhammad’s Jangnama is a crucial Persian war narrative for understanding eighteenth-century Punjab, the Durrani campaigns, and the rise of the Sikh misls. Its importance comes from the fact that it is a hostile source that still preserves evidence of Sikh courage, discipline, and military effectiveness. The text helps historians study post-Mughal state formation,…
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When Bakhtiyar Khalji Wiped out Gauda-Desa from Existence
Bakhtiyar Khalji’s catastrophic devastation of the ancient city of Gaur marked a pinnacle in his career of plunder and genocide. Gaur, a historic center of Sanskrit learning and Hindu culture, was thoroughly obliterated, replaced by Islamic structures. This transformation permanently altered Bengal’s cultural and religious landscape, erasing its Sanatana past.